Skeleton of a Scleratina

The corralum of Scleratina coral is commonly corncal in shape especially in the modern group coral. They first formed part of the corralum is a basalt plate which is attached to the sea floor e.g Ballanophylla.

Forms and mode of life of Scleratina

Ballanophylla: Age range from tertiary - recent, it's a solitary corals, the corallite is cylldrical and is attached to the rock by a broaden base. The septa are crowned and their linear ages are partly fused.

Columella:  Is an axial structure in form of veritical rod or plate. And is found in the rock pools. E.g in South -west coast of England and occur up ton1000m below the mid-dea level it's a cup Coral resembling a brilliant stylet alemo.

Goloniopora:  Age range in middle Cretaceous to recent and is a massive coral, individual corallite, septa's arrange in two cycle and have scratals edges. The layer septa unit with columella. Is found in the eocene rocks in England.

Goloniopora is one of the real forming corals, which is today being reef of great events in tropical and sub-tropical zones between latitude 35N& 32S.

Reef corals will not tolerate wide range sanity temperature and water depth requires solidarity about 36ppt (part per thousand) they requires temperature of about 18oc and 29oc. And a Dept of water not tmore than 90m. They live in inner to middle meritic Environment to middel shale.

They grown mostly richly in sedimentary and we'll oxidated water between 25 -39C. These stringest requirements are thou to presence of polyp world of unicellular Algae called zoo and anthelaec. The algae have symbolic relationship with d polyp the Algae requires light and warm as well as carbon dioxide and material salt.

The host coral are restricted to the voltie zone the lost may be turn by the supply of O2 and the removal of carbon dioxide the waste product. They are divided into two .

1. Reef forming coral 

2. Non. Reef forming corals

One deals with relationship with Algae while the other none relationship with algae.